Study Guide - Ornstein and Levine, Foundations of Education

• reason students select the teaching profession
• reasons for increase the prestige of teaching
• average teachers' salaries in Kentucky
• changes in enrollment in non-public schools
• reciprocity of teacher certificates
• alternative certification programs
• professional development schools
• fifth-year teacher education program
• five year teacher education program
• competency-based teacher education
• response to concerns about prospective teachers' low academic ability
• the passing rate of minority candidates on professional basic skills tests has been
• National Board for Professional Teaching Standards
• teacher empowerment
• reforms that conflict with teacher empowerment

• teaching as profession or semi-profession
• teaching out of license
• alternative certification
• NCATE
• defined body of knowledge
• teacher pay compared to other college graduates
• mediated entry programs
• merit pay and career ladders
• site-based decision-making
• 1922 teacher contract
• AFT membership and emphasis
• NEA
• PTA

• education in preliterate societies
• focus of Confucian code and historic Chinese education
• ideological controversy over Egyptian contributions
• Sophists
• goal of Socratic education
• Socratic method
• Plato's doctrine of reminiscence
• philosopher kings
• Aristotle's liberal education vs. training
• goal of Lyceum
• goal of education for Isocrates
• Quintilian's significance in western educational history
• Arab contributions to European education
• scholasticism
• St. Thomas' view of the teacher
• Renaissance contributions to Western education
• Reformation contributions to education
• Enlightenment influence on education

• idealism's curriculum
• realism
• objectivity
• sensation
• absolutes
• perennialism
• back to basics
• pragmatism
• problem-solving
• progressive education
• existentialism and responsibility

critical theory

• child depravity theory
• naturalistic education
• Comenius
• John Locke's Tabula rasa
• Rousseau, noble savage, human nature
• Emile
• romanticism
• Pestalozzi, emotional development
• object lesson
• Froebel and the kindergarten
• Margarethe Meyer Schurz
• Spencer's Social Darwinism and competition
• John Dewey's sole purpose for education
• Dewey and democracy
• Montessori education
• specially prepared environment
• Robert Hutchins and the perennialist philosophy
• Ivan Illich on schooling

• education in colonial New England
• education in middle colonies
• education in southern colonies
• Puritan education
• child depravity
• Old Deluder Satan Act of 1647
• town school
• Latin grammar school
• hornbook
• New England Primer
• Harvard
• Ben Franklin, academy
• Thomas Jefferson, Bill for the More General Diffusion of Knowledge
• Noah Webster
• American Spelling Book
• American Dictionary
• common school, Horace Mann
• normal school
• ideals of McGuffey Readers
• Booker T. Washington
• W. E. B. Du Bois
• Mary McLeod Bethune
• Brown vs. the Board of Education
• Native American boarding schools
• Americanization of immigrants

• characteristics of most school board members
• regular, special, and executive school board meetings
• role of the superintendent of schools
• role of the principal
• charter school
• consolidation
• decentralization
• chief state school officer - who is Kentucky's?

• progressive tax
• regressive tax
• taxes for school revenue
• user fees
• relationship of property values and school funding
• foundation plan
• Serrano v. Priest
• Rose v. Council for Better Education
• changes in federal aid for education in 1957
• NDEA, Sputnik
• Jonathan Kozol's Savage Inequalities
• Supreme Court's influence on schooling
• taxpayer resistance and accountability
• tuition tax credits
• educational vouchers
• school choice
• school infrastructure

• tenure
• court's attitude toward teacher conduct
• fair use
• student searches
• access to student records
• prayer and Bible reading in public schools

• latchkey children
• "feminization" of poverty, infant day care
• hurried child syndrome, postnuclear family
• classroom culture and the model student
• classroom culture and active independent learners
• primary values of school cultures

• socioeconomic status
• social class and academic achievement
• race and ethnicity, effects of homogeneous grouping
• revisionist views of the role of the school

• desegregation v. integration
• de facto segregation, de jure segregation
• Brown v. the Board of Education of Topeka
• Title I
• pullout classes
• least restrictive environment

• mental discipline
• whole-child education
• Sputnik, NDEA
• Cardinal Principles of Secondary Education
• priority of gifted vs. remedial education
• Rickover
• OBE
• A Nation at Risk

• subject-centered curriculum
• back to basics
• student centered curriculum
• perennialist curriculum
• essentialist curriculum
• humanistic approach
• character education
• mastery learning
• critical thinking

• length of Japanese school year
• U.S. standing on chart on p. 488
• European bipartite system
• discussion of defense of U.S. schools, p. 494

• time-on-task
• wait time
• research on homogeneous grouping
• curriculum alignment
• privatization of educational services
• magnet schools
• school choice
• year-round school